[win][aarch64] Place catch objects in fixed stack locations

[dpaoliello]

This is a cherry-pick of llvm#147421

This fixes the rustc_thread_pool failure that is currently blocking enabling an Arm64 Windows CI runner for Rust: rust-lang/rust#142895 (comment)

From the original PR:

When an object with alignment requirements is placed on the stack, this causes a stack realignment which causes AArch64 to use x19 to refer to objects on the stack as there may be a gap between local variables and the Stack Pointer. This causes issues with the MSVC C++ exception personality as the offset to the catch object recorded in the handler table no longer matches the object being used in the catch block itself.

The fix for this is to place catch objects into the fixed object area.