diff --git a/app/Console/Commands/MatchmakingServiceReport.php b/app/Console/Commands/MatchmakingServiceReport.php
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d1850fd37
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/Console/Commands/MatchmakingServiceReport.php
@@ -0,0 +1,223 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace App\Console\Commands;
+
+use App\MatchmakingProfile;
+use Carbon\Carbon;
+use Illuminate\Console\Command;
+
+class MatchmakingServiceReport extends Command
+{
+    protected $signature = 'matchmaking:report {--format=text : Output format: text or json }';
+
+    protected $description = 'Matching service report: volunteers/organisations registered, distribution (Individual/Organisation, languages, org types, areas), and usage (form time, registrations over time)';
+
+    public function handle(): int
+    {
+        $format = $this->option('format');
+
+        $report = [
+            'generated_at' => now()->toIso8601String(),
+            'volunteers_registered' => $this->volunteersRegistered(),
+            'distribution' => $this->distribution(),
+            'usage' => $this->usage(),
+            'notes' => [
+                'code4europe' => 'Source (e.g. Code4Europe vs other) is not stored in the current schema; all registered profiles are included.',
+                'most_consulted' => 'Profile view / consultation counts are not tracked in the current schema. To report most consulted individuals/organisations, add view/click tracking.',
+            ],
+        ];
+
+        if ($format === 'json') {
+            $this->line(json_encode($report, JSON_PRETTY_PRINT | JSON_UNESCAPED_SLASHES));
+            return self::SUCCESS;
+        }
+
+        $this->printTextReport($report);
+        return self::SUCCESS;
+    }
+
+    private function volunteersRegistered(): array
+    {
+        $total = MatchmakingProfile::query()->count();
+        $individuals = MatchmakingProfile::query()->where('type', MatchmakingProfile::TYPE_VOLUNTEER)->count();
+        $organisations = MatchmakingProfile::query()->where('type', MatchmakingProfile::TYPE_ORGANISATION)->count();
+
+        return [
+            'total_registered_to_date' => $total,
+            'profile_individual' => $individuals,
+            'profile_organisation' => $organisations,
+            'note' => 'All registrations in the matchmaking database. Code4Europe vs other source is not stored.',
+        ];
+    }
+
+    private function distribution(): array
+    {
+        $individuals = MatchmakingProfile::query()
+            ->where('type', MatchmakingProfile::TYPE_VOLUNTEER)
+            ->get(['id', 'languages']);
+
+        $languageCounts = [];
+        foreach ($individuals as $p) {
+            $langs = $p->languages;
+            if (is_array($langs)) {
+                foreach ($langs as $lang) {
+                    $lang = is_string($lang) ? trim($lang) : (string) $lang;
+                    if ($lang !== '') {
+                        $languageCounts[$lang] = ($languageCounts[$lang] ?? 0) + 1;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        arsort($languageCounts);
+
+        $orgs = MatchmakingProfile::query()
+            ->where('type', MatchmakingProfile::TYPE_ORGANISATION)
+            ->get(['id', 'organisation_type', 'country']);
+
+        $orgTypeCounts = [];
+        $areaCounts = [];
+        foreach ($orgs as $p) {
+            $types = $p->organisation_type;
+            if (is_array($types)) {
+                foreach ($types as $t) {
+                    $t = is_string($t) ? trim($t) : (string) $t;
+                    if ($t !== '') {
+                        $orgTypeCounts[$t] = ($orgTypeCounts[$t] ?? 0) + 1;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            $country = $p->country ? trim($p->country) : null;
+            if ($country !== null && $country !== '') {
+                $areaCounts[$country] = ($areaCounts[$country] ?? 0) + 1;
+            }
+        }
+        arsort($orgTypeCounts);
+        arsort($areaCounts);
+
+        return [
+            'profile_individual' => [
+                'total' => $individuals->count(),
+                'language_distribution' => $languageCounts,
+            ],
+            'profile_organisation' => [
+                'total' => $orgs->count(),
+                'organisation_type_breakdown' => $orgTypeCounts,
+                'areas_of_operation' => $areaCounts,
+            ],
+        ];
+    }
+
+    private function usage(): array
+    {
+        $withTime = MatchmakingProfile::query()
+            ->whereNotNull('start_time')
+            ->whereNotNull('completion_time')
+            ->get(['start_time', 'completion_time']);
+
+        $secondsList = [];
+        foreach ($withTime as $p) {
+            $start = $p->start_time instanceof \DateTimeInterface ? $p->start_time : Carbon::parse($p->start_time);
+            $end = $p->completion_time instanceof \DateTimeInterface ? $p->completion_time : Carbon::parse($p->completion_time);
+            if ($end > $start) {
+                $secondsList[] = $end->diffInSeconds($start);
+            }
+        }
+
+        $avgSeconds = count($secondsList) > 0 ? (int) round(array_sum($secondsList) / count($secondsList)) : null;
+        $minSeconds = count($secondsList) > 0 ? min($secondsList) : null;
+        $maxSeconds = count($secondsList) > 0 ? max($secondsList) : null;
+
+        $registrationsOverTime = MatchmakingProfile::query()
+            ->selectRaw('DATE_FORMAT(created_at, "%Y-%m") as month, count(*) as count')
+            ->groupBy('month')
+            ->orderBy('month')
+            ->pluck('count', 'month')
+            ->all();
+
+        return [
+            'form_completion_time' => [
+                'profiles_with_start_and_completion' => $withTime->count(),
+                'average_seconds' => $avgSeconds,
+                'average_display' => $avgSeconds !== null ? $this->secondsToHuman($avgSeconds) : null,
+                'min_seconds' => $minSeconds,
+                'max_seconds' => $maxSeconds,
+                'note' => 'Time between form start and completion (registration flow).',
+            ],
+            'registrations_over_time' => $registrationsOverTime,
+            'most_consulted_individuals_or_organisations' => 'Not available — no view/consultation tracking in the database.',
+        ];
+    }
+
+    private function secondsToHuman(int $seconds): string
+    {
+        if ($seconds < 60) {
+            return $seconds . 's';
+        }
+        $m = (int) floor($seconds / 60);
+        $s = $seconds % 60;
+        if ($m < 60) {
+            return $m . 'm ' . $s . 's';
+        }
+        $h = (int) floor($m / 60);
+        $m = $m % 60;
+        return $h . 'h ' . $m . 'm ' . $s . 's';
+    }
+
+    private function printTextReport(array $report): void
+    {
+        $this->newLine();
+        $this->info('===== Matching service: Database and matching service (teachers & volunteers) =====');
+        $this->newLine();
+
+        $v = $report['volunteers_registered'];
+        $this->info('1. Volunteers / registrations to date');
+        $this->line('   Total registered: ' . $v['total_registered_to_date']);
+        $this->line('   Profile – Individual: ' . $v['profile_individual']);
+        $this->line('   Profile – Organisation: ' . $v['profile_organisation']);
+        $this->line('   Note: ' . $v['note']);
+        $this->newLine();
+
+        $d = $report['distribution'];
+        $this->info('2. Distribution of volunteers');
+        $this->line('   Profile – Individual: total = ' . $d['profile_individual']['total']);
+        $this->line('   Language distribution:');
+        foreach ($d['profile_individual']['language_distribution'] as $lang => $count) {
+            $this->line('      - ' . $lang . ': ' . $count);
+        }
+        $this->newLine();
+        $this->line('   Profile – Organisation: total = ' . $d['profile_organisation']['total']);
+        $this->line('   Organisation type breakdown:');
+        foreach ($d['profile_organisation']['organisation_type_breakdown'] as $type => $count) {
+            $this->line('      - ' . $type . ': ' . $count);
+        }
+        $this->line('   Areas of operation (country):');
+        foreach ($d['profile_organisation']['areas_of_operation'] as $area => $count) {
+            $this->line('      - ' . $area . ': ' . $count);
+        }
+        $this->newLine();
+
+        $u = $report['usage'];
+        $this->info('3. Usage of the database to date');
+        $this->line('   Form completion time (time spent on registration form):');
+        $this->line('      Profiles with start & completion time: ' . $u['form_completion_time']['profiles_with_start_and_completion']);
+        $this->line('      Average: ' . ($u['form_completion_time']['average_display'] ?? 'n/a'));
+        if ($u['form_completion_time']['min_seconds'] !== null) {
+            $this->line('      Min: ' . $this->secondsToHuman($u['form_completion_time']['min_seconds']));
+            $this->line('      Max: ' . $this->secondsToHuman($u['form_completion_time']['max_seconds']));
+        }
+        $this->line('      Note: ' . $u['form_completion_time']['note']);
+        $this->newLine();
+        $this->line('   Registrations over time (by month):');
+        foreach ($u['registrations_over_time'] as $month => $count) {
+            $this->line('      ' . $month . ': ' . $count);
+        }
+        $this->newLine();
+        $this->line('   Most consulted individuals/organisations: ' . $u['most_consulted_individuals_or_organisations']);
+        $this->newLine();
+
+        $this->comment('Notes:');
+        $this->line('   - ' . $report['notes']['code4europe']);
+        $this->line('   - ' . $report['notes']['most_consulted']);
+        $this->newLine();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/app/Http/Controllers/CertificateBackendController.php b/app/Http/Controllers/CertificateBackendController.php
index 1d863c64f..023468cd9 100644
--- a/app/Http/Controllers/CertificateBackendController.php
+++ b/app/Http/Controllers/CertificateBackendController.php
@@ -2,6 +2,18 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Controllers;
 
+/**
+ * Certificate Backend: Excellence & Super Organiser cert generation and sending.
+ *
+ * Final considerations (addressed):
+ * - Error handling: LaTeX input is escaped (CertificateExcellence::tex_escape), generation/send
+ *   failures are caught and stored in certificate_generation_error / certificate_sent_error;
+ *   the Errors page and table show them; manual and batch flows handle exceptions gracefully.
+ * - Queue: Bulk generate and send use Laravel queues (GenerateCertificateBatchJob, SendCertificateBatchJob)
+ *   so the web request is not blocked; run php artisan queue:work on the server.
+ * - Testing: Use seeded Excellences or manual "Generate/Regenerate" per row to validate
+ *   LaTeX templates and S3 upload; EventFactory is for participation events, not this backend.
+ */
 use App\Excellence;
 use App\Jobs\GenerateCertificateBatchJob;
 use App\Jobs\SendCertificateBatchJob;
@@ -232,6 +244,49 @@ public function startSend(Request $request): JsonResponse
         return response()->json(['ok' => true, 'message' => 'Sending started in batches of ' . SendCertificateBatchJob::BATCH_SIZE . '.']);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Regenerate the certificate PDF for one recipient (by excellence id).
+     * Works for both "never generated" and "regenerate existing".
+     */
+    public function regenerateOne(Request $request, int $id): JsonResponse
+    {
+        $excellence = Excellence::with('user')->findOrFail($id);
+        $user = $excellence->user;
+        if (! $user) {
+            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'User missing.']);
+        }
+
+        $edition = $excellence->edition;
+        $type = $excellence->type;
+        $certType = $type === 'SuperOrganiser' ? 'super-organiser' : 'excellence';
+        $name = $excellence->name_for_certificate ?? trim($user->firstname . ' ' . $user->lastname) ?: 'Unknown';
+        $numberOfActivities = $type === 'SuperOrganiser' ? $user->activities($edition) : 0;
+
+        try {
+            $cert = new \App\CertificateExcellence(
+                $edition,
+                $name,
+                $certType,
+                $numberOfActivities,
+                $user->id,
+                $user->email
+            );
+            $url = $cert->generate();
+            $excellence->update([
+                'certificate_url' => $url,
+                'certificate_generation_error' => null,
+            ]);
+            return response()->json([
+                'ok' => true,
+                'message' => 'Certificate generated.',
+                'certificate_url' => $url,
+            ]);
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            $excellence->update(['certificate_generation_error' => $e->getMessage()]);
+            return response()->json(['ok' => false, 'message' => 'Generation failed: ' . $e->getMessage()], 500);
+        }
+    }
+
     public function resendOne(Request $request, int $id): JsonResponse
     {
         $excellence = Excellence::with('user')->findOrFail($id);
diff --git a/resources/views/certificate-backend/index.blade.php b/resources/views/certificate-backend/index.blade.php
index d23157eb3..7764f9839 100644
--- a/resources/views/certificate-backend/index.blade.php
+++ b/resources/views/certificate-backend/index.blade.php
@@ -32,7 +32,12 @@
 
     {{-- Server note: queue worker required for bulk actions --}}
     <div class="mb-4 p-3 rounded bg-amber-100 text-amber-900" role="alert">
-        <strong>On the server</strong>, bulk Generate and Send run in the background. You must run <code class="bg-amber-200 px-1">php artisan queue:work</code> (or use a process manager like Supervisor) so jobs are processed. Manual buttons and single Resend work immediately without the queue.
+        <p class="mb-2"><strong>Bulk Generate and Send</strong> run in the background. To process them:</p>
+        <ol class="list-decimal list-inside mb-2 space-y-1">
+            <li>On the server (SSH), start the queue worker once: <code class="bg-amber-200 px-1 rounded">php artisan queue:work</code></li>
+            <li>Keep it running (or use <strong>Supervisor</strong> so it restarts automatically).</li>
+        </ol>
+        <p class="mb-0 text-sm">When the worker is running, the progress bars above update every few seconds—you’ll see “Generating…” / “Sending…” and the counts going up. No button in the browser can start the worker; it has to run as a separate process on the server. Manual “Generate” / “Regenerate” / “Resend” for single rows work immediately without the queue.</p>
     </div>
 
     {{-- Visible error (in case alerts are blocked) --}}
@@ -251,7 +256,10 @@ function loadList(page = 1) {
                     '<td style="padding: 0.5rem;">' + (row.certificate_generated ? 'Yes' : 'No') + (row.certificate_generation_error ? ' <span style="color:red" title="' + escapeAttr(row.certificate_generation_error) + '">(error)</span>' : '') + '</td>' +
                     '<td style="padding: 0.5rem;">' + (row.certificate_sent ? (row.notified_at || 'Yes') : 'No') + (row.certificate_sent_error ? ' <span style="color:red" title="' + escapeAttr(row.certificate_sent_error) + '">(error)</span>' : '') + '</td>' +
                     '<td style="padding: 0.5rem;">' + (row.certificate_url ? '<a href="' + escapeAttr(row.certificate_url) + '" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Open</a>' : '–') + '</td>' +
-                    '<td style="padding: 0.5rem;">' + (row.certificate_url ? '<button type="button" class="px-4 py-2 text-sm font-semibold text-white rounded-full duration-300 cursor-pointer resend-one bg-primary hover:opacity-90" data-id="' + row.id + '">Resend</button>' : '–') + '</td>';
+                    '<td style="padding: 0.5rem;">' +
+                    '<button type="button" class="regenerate-one px-4 py-2 text-sm font-semibold text-white rounded-full duration-300 cursor-pointer bg-primary hover:opacity-90 mr-1" data-id="' + row.id + '">' + (row.certificate_generated ? 'Regenerate' : 'Generate') + '</button>' +
+                    (row.certificate_url ? '<button type="button" class="resend-one px-4 py-2 text-sm font-semibold text-white rounded-full duration-300 cursor-pointer bg-primary hover:opacity-90" data-id="' + row.id + '">Resend</button>' : '') +
+                    '</td>';
                 tbody.appendChild(tr);
             });
             pagination(data.current_page, data.last_page, data.total);
@@ -358,17 +366,30 @@ function pagination(current, last, total) {
     document.getElementById('search-input').addEventListener('keydown', function(e) { if (e.key === 'Enter') document.getElementById('btn-search').click(); });
 
     document.getElementById('recipients-tbody').addEventListener('click', function(e) {
-        const btn = e.target.closest('.resend-one');
-        if (!btn) return;
         e.preventDefault();
-        const id = btn.dataset.id;
-        btn.disabled = true;
-        clearError();
-        const resendUrl = '{{ url("/admin/certificate-backend/resend") }}'.replace(/\/$/, '') + '/' + id;
-        postJson(resendUrl, {}).then(r => {
-            showError(r.ok ? '' : r.message);
-            if (r.ok) { loadStatus(); loadList(currentPage); }
-        }).catch(function(err) { showError(err.message || 'Request failed.'); }).finally(function() { btn.disabled = false; });
+        const regenerateBtn = e.target.closest('.regenerate-one');
+        const resendBtn = e.target.closest('.resend-one');
+        if (regenerateBtn) {
+            const id = regenerateBtn.dataset.id;
+            regenerateBtn.disabled = true;
+            clearError();
+            const url = '{{ url("/admin/certificate-backend/regenerate") }}'.replace(/\/$/, '') + '/' + id;
+            postJson(url, {}).then(r => {
+                showError(r.ok ? '' : r.message);
+                if (r.ok) { loadStatus(); loadList(currentPage); }
+            }).catch(function(err) { showError(err.message || 'Request failed.'); }).finally(function() { regenerateBtn.disabled = false; });
+            return;
+        }
+        if (resendBtn) {
+            const id = resendBtn.dataset.id;
+            resendBtn.disabled = true;
+            clearError();
+            const resendUrl = '{{ url("/admin/certificate-backend/resend") }}'.replace(/\/$/, '') + '/' + id;
+            postJson(resendUrl, {}).then(r => {
+                showError(r.ok ? '' : r.message);
+                if (r.ok) { loadStatus(); loadList(currentPage); }
+            }).catch(function(err) { showError(err.message || 'Request failed.'); }).finally(function() { resendBtn.disabled = false; });
+        }
     });
 
     loadStatus();
diff --git a/routes/web.php b/routes/web.php
index 096513280..453415802 100644
--- a/routes/web.php
+++ b/routes/web.php
@@ -655,6 +655,7 @@
     Route::post('/generate/start', [CertificateBackendController::class, 'startGeneration'])->name('generate.start');
     Route::post('/generate/cancel', [CertificateBackendController::class, 'cancelGeneration'])->name('generate.cancel');
     Route::post('/send/start', [CertificateBackendController::class, 'startSend'])->name('send.start');
+    Route::post('/regenerate/{id}', [CertificateBackendController::class, 'regenerateOne'])->whereNumber('id')->name('regenerate.one');
     Route::post('/resend/{id}', [CertificateBackendController::class, 'resendOne'])->whereNumber('id')->name('resend.one');
     Route::post('/resend-all-failed', [CertificateBackendController::class, 'resendAllFailed'])->name('resend.all_failed');
     Route::get('/errors', [CertificateBackendController::class, 'errorsList'])->name('errors');